Formula
Fenbendazole 62,50 g
Praziquantel 6,25 g
Pyrantel (as Pamoato) 6,25 g*
Excipients Q.S.F. 100,00 g
*Equivalent to 18,015 g of Pamoato of Pirantel
Use Indications
Aprax is a broad spectrum internal antiparasitic, indicated for the control of gastrointestinal parasitosis in dogs and cats, caused by nematodes and cestodes.
Nematodes: Toxocara canis and cati, Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma caninum, Ancylostoma tubaeforme, Uncinaria stenocephala; Trichuris vulpis.
Cestodes: Taenia spp, Dipylidium caninum.
The efficacy tests performed with Aprax in dogs and cats demonstrate a power of action on flat and round worms greater than 98%.
Orientative Dossage
Flavored tablets for oral use only.
Dogs: 1 tablet every 10 kg of weight by day orally. (Tablet of 800 mg).
1 tablet every 20 kg of weight by day orally. (Tablet of 1600 mg).
Cats: Half tablet every 5 kg of weight by day orally. (Tablet of 800 mg).
Equivalent to:
Fenbendazole 50 mg/kg/day
Praziquantel 5 mg/kg/day
Pyrantel 5 mg/kg/day
Administer the total calculated dose of the product in a single dose
In case of severe infestations, the total dose calculated for the animal may be administered for three days in a row.
This same dosing schedule should be repeated again 15-21 days after the first treatment.
A preventive systematic deworming plan can also be implemented every 60-90 days
The interval between doses may be modified by the veterinarian acting according to the particular case.
Aprax can be used in pregnant females from the 40th day of pregnancy, in puppies from 30 days of age and in kittens from 6 weeks.
Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability
El praziquantel is, chemically, an isioquinoline. It exhibits high efficacy against cestode parasites at a relatively low dosage.
It is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. In dogs, maximum levels are reached after 30 or 120 minutes. The drug is distributed through all organs and passes to bile in dogs. This distribution is an advantage in the activity of praziquantel against adult forms or laundries of cestodes that are located in a very variable way in the host organism (musculature, brain, peritoneal cavity, bile, duct, intestine). It is rapidly metabolized to inactive forms, the liver being the main place of inactivation. Only very low amounts (traces) of the non-metabolized dose are excreted in urine and feces (0,3 % in the dog). It is believed that there must be metabolites that are biologically active in what is excreted given the high efficacy of this drug against intestinal cestodes.
Praziquantel exerts its antiparasitic effect in many ways, affecting both the motility and the proper functioning of the cestode sucking organs (flat worms); induces paralysis of the parasite. Therefore; it joins various anthelmintics that act primarily affecting neuromuscular coordination. The compound also affects the phospholipids and proteins that make up the parasite tegument, which can result in excessive loss of calcium and glucose.
Pyrantel: Pyrantel is a tetrahydropyrimidine. It is considered a broad spectrum anthelmintic.
After oral administration, the drug is poorly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract of dogs and cats, allowing this to reach the intestine. The absorbed drug is rapidly metabolized in the body, there being a small amount intact at the time of being eliminated.
Urinary excretion in dogs is 40% of the dose, eliminating most as metabolites.
Dogs are the only ones that eliminate the drug or its metabolites in the urine rather than in the feces.
Pyrantel acts essentially by mimicking the effects of an excessive amount of Acetycholine (Ach). Ach in physiological quantities serves as a neurotransmitter by stimulation of all autonomic ganglia, adrenal medulla, chemoreceptors of the carotid and aortic bodies and the neuromuscular junction. Excessive amounts of Ach, however paralyze these places. The action is similar to that produced by nicotine.
Fenbendazole: Fenbendazole is a broad spectrum antiparasitic. It belongs to the family of Benzimidazoles.
After oral administration, only a limited amount of a dose of fenbendazole is absorbed through gastrointestinal tract of the host. The limited absorption is probably interrelated with the poor solubility of the drug in the water. The absorption of a limited amount is generally rapid and the highest plasma levels take place within 6 to 30 hours after administration. Generally the plasma level is greater than 1% of the administered dose.
65 % of the drug is eliminated by feces and the remaining 35 % by urine.
Benzimidazoles act on parasites interfering with their energy-generating metabolism. Fenbendazole is a fumarate reductase inhibitor. The blockage of the fumarate reductase passage inhibits the generation of mitochondrial energy in the form of ATP. In the abscense of available energy, the parasite diez.
Contraindications and Use Limitations
Anorexy, vomiting, lethargy and diarrhea can occur in dogs. However the incidence of these effects is less than 5%
In cats, adverse effects (salivation, vomiting and diarrhea) are very rare, less than 2%.
Hypersensitive reactions secondary to the release of antigens can occur due to the death of parasites. This happens particularly when the product is administered in high doses
Incompatibilities: do not administer the product with morantel, levamisole, organophosphorus, diethylcarbamycin or piperazine.
Precautions
Do not administer in very weakened animals, or in situations of intense stress
Verify that the product inviolability system and its storage conditions prior its use are adequate, as well as that it has not expired in reference to the expiration date expressed on the label.
Verify that the product is administered exclusively orally. Do not exceed the propose dose.
The suggested dose and warnings in all cases are for the consideration of the acting veterinarian
